CORALS

The Indo-Pacific region is a hotspot for coral diversity, home to an impressive range of coral species that are crucial to the ecosystem. In these tropical waters, both hard corals (Scleractinia), which form the backbone of coral reefs, and soft corals (Alcyonacea), which add delicate, colorful structures to the reefs, thrive.

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Some of the most notable hard coral species in the Indo-Pacific include branching corals (e.g., Acropora and Porites), which create complex reef structures, as well as brain and boulder corals (e.g., Favia and Mussa), which help stabilize shallower reefs. These corals are particularly vulnerable to climate change impacts, such as ocean warming, which can lead to coral bleaching.

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Soft corals, such as sea fans (e.g., Gorgonia) and leather corals (e.g., Sinularia), not only contribute to biodiversity but also provide shelter and food for numerous marine species. These species are more resilient to environmental changes but still play a vital role in maintaining the balance of reef ecosystems.

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The diversity of coral species in the Indo-Pacific is not only ecologically valuable but also a critical resource for millions of people who rely on reefs for food, coastal protection, and tourism.